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UPSC Prelims Analysis 2013 GS Paper I

Topic Wise UPSC Prelims Questions
Ancient History
Medieval History
Modern History
Polity
Economy
Environment
Geography
Science & Tech
International relations
Government Schemes
Miscellaneous

Ancient History Prelims Analysis 2013

1. Which of the following statements is/are applicable to Jain doctrine?
1. The surest way of annihilating Karma is to practice penance
2. Every object, even the smallest particle has a soul
3. Karma is the bane of the soul and must be ended
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

Correct Answer: (a) Andhra
Dhanyakataka was located in the Andhra region, and it became a prominent centre for the Mahasanghikas, contributing to Buddhist teachings and culture.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Option (a): Andhra
    • What is Andhra?
      Andhra is a historical region in South India, roughly corresponding to the modern-day state of Andhra Pradesh. It has a rich history of Buddhist activity, especially in the early centuries of the Common Era. Dhanyakataka, also known as Amaravati, was located in this region and became a flourishing centre for Buddhist art and learning.
    • Why is it correct?
      Dhanyakataka was indeed located in Andhra. It served as an important hub for Mahasanghika Buddhism, which was one of the early schools of Buddhism. The region of Andhra, particularly Dhanyakataka, was known for its role in the spread of Mahayana Buddhism as well.
  2. Option (b): Gandhara
    • What is Gandhara?
      Gandhara was an ancient region located in modern-day Pakistan and Afghanistan. It was famous for its Greco-Buddhist art and was a key centre for Mahayana Buddhism, especially during the Kushan Empire.
    • Why is it incorrect?
      Although Gandhara was a significant Buddhist centre, Dhanyakataka was not located here. Gandhara is associated more with Mahayana and the Gandhara art style, while Dhanyakataka is linked to the Mahasanghikas in Andhra.
  3. Option (c): Kalinga
    • What is Kalinga?
      Kalinga corresponds to the present-day coastal regions of Odisha and parts of Andhra Pradesh. It was historically significant, particularly after Emperor Ashoka's conquest of the region, which led him to embrace Buddhism.
    • Why is it incorrect?
      Although Kalinga had a connection with Buddhism, Dhanyakataka was not located here. The Buddhist influence in Kalinga arose primarily after the Kalinga War, but it is not the location associated with the Mahasanghikas.
  4. Option (d): Magadha
    • What is Magadha?
      Magadha was a powerful ancient kingdom located in modern-day Bihar, India. It was one of the most important regions for the early development of Buddhism and Jainism. Cities like Bodh Gaya and Nalanda are located here.
    • Why is it incorrect?
      Despite Magadha's profound historical connection to Buddhism, Dhanyakataka was not located in this region. Magadha was a centre for early Buddhism, but the Mahasanghika tradition was more prominent in regions like Andhra, specifically in Dhanyakataka.

 

2. The Chinese traveler Yuan Chwang (Hiuen Tsang) who visited India recorded the general conditions and culture of India at that time. In this context, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. The roads and river-routes were completely immune from robbery.
2. As regards punishment for offences, ordeals by fire, water and poison were the instruments for determining the innocence or guilt of a person.
3. The tradesmen had to pay duties at ferries and barrier stations.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Statements (b) and (c) are correct, while statement (a) is inaccurate because the concept of the stupa is not originally Buddhist.

Explanation (Synopsis):

  1. Statement (a): The concept of Stupa is Buddhist in origin
    • What is the concept of the Stupa?
      The stupa is a dome-shaped structure that serves as a place of meditation and a shrine for relics, especially in Buddhist tradition.
    • Why is this statement partially correct?
      While stupas became prominent in Buddhist tradition, the idea of erecting mounds for burial or commemorative purposes predates Buddhism. Pre-Buddhist cultures in India also used burial mounds, but Buddhism gave the stupa its specific religious significance. Therefore, though Buddhism popularized the stupa as a sacred structure, its concept was not originally Buddhist.
    • Conclusion: Incorrect (since the origin predates Buddhism).
  2. Statement (b): Stupa was generally a repository of relics
    • What is a stupa's role as a relic repository?
      A stupa often housed relics, such as the remains of the Buddha or other revered figures. These relics served as objects of veneration and made the stupa a focal point for devotion.
    • Why is this statement correct?
      Most stupas, especially in early Buddhist history, were built to enshrine relics. For example, the famous Sanchi Stupa enshrined relics of the Buddha. Thus, this role as a repository is an accurate description of stupas.
    • Conclusion: Correct.
  3. Statement (c): Stupa was a votive and commemorative structure in Buddhist tradition
    • What is meant by votive and commemorative structure?
      A votive structure is one that is created as an offering or expression of gratitude, while a commemorative structure is built to honor a person or event.
    • Why is this statement correct?
      In Buddhist tradition, stupas were erected as both votive structures (to gain merit or express devotion) and commemorative structures (in honor of the Buddha or important Buddhist events). They were central to the religious practice of pilgrimage and meditation.
    • Conclusion: Correct

3. Which of the following characterizes/ characterize the people of Indus Civilization?
1. They possessed great palaces and temples.
2. They worshipped both male and female deities.
3. They employed horse-drawn chariots in warfare.
Select the correct statement/ statements using the codes given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) None of the statements given above is correct

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) ports
Korkai, Poompuhar, and Muchiri were well-known ancient ports in South India that played a crucial role in maritime trade and the cultural exchange between India and other parts of the world.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Option (a): capital cities
    • What are capital cities?
      Capital cities are the administrative or political centers of a region or kingdom, often serving as the seat of the ruler's court and government. In ancient South India, notable capital cities included Madurai for the Pandyas, Kanchipuram for the Pallavas, and Thanjavur for the Cholas.
    • Why is this option incorrect?
      While Korkai, Poompuhar, and Muchiri (also known as Muziris) were prominent locations in ancient South India, they were not capital cities. These places were primarily known for their significance in trade and commerce rather than administrative or political functions.
  2. Option (b): ports
    • What are ports?
      Ports are coastal locations where ships dock to load and unload goods and passengers. In ancient South India, several ports were established due to the region's strategic location along the Indian Ocean trade routes, enabling trade with the Roman Empire, Southeast Asia, and other parts of the world.
    • Why is this option correct?
      Korkai, Poompuhar, and Muchiri were all prominent port towns in ancient South India:
      • Korkai was an ancient port city of the Pandyan kingdom, known for its pearl fishing and trade.
      • Poompuhar (also called Kaveripattinam) served as a major Chola port city and played a significant role in maritime trade.
      • Muchiri (Muziris) was an important port in Kerala, noted in Greek and Roman texts for its trade in spices, gemstones, and other luxury goods.
        These ports facilitated extensive overseas trade and cultural exchanges, making them critical to the economy and external relations of South Indian kingdoms.
  3. Option (c): centers of iron-and-steel making
    • What are centers of iron-and-steel making?
      These are places where iron and steel were produced and processed. Ancient South India had some regions known for metalworking, particularly in high-quality iron and steel production (e.g., Chera and Pandya regions).
    • Why is this option incorrect?
      Although South India was known for its advanced metallurgy, especially the production of wootz steel, Korkai, Poompuhar, and Muchiri were not primarily known as centers for iron-and-steel making. Their fame was largely due to their roles as bustling ports.
  4. Option (d): shrines of Jain Tirthankaras
    • What are shrines of Jain Tirthankaras?
      Jain shrines are temples dedicated to Tirthankaras, who are revered spiritual teachers in Jainism. These shrines are scattered across India and are known for their architectural beauty and religious importance.
    • Why is this option incorrect?
      Korkai, Poompuhar, and Muchiri were not prominent Jain religious centers or known for shrines dedicated to Jain Tirthankaras. Their historical significance lies in trade and commerce rather than as centers of Jain worship.

 

4. Some Buddhist rock-cut caves are called Chaityas, while the others are called Viharas. What is the difference between the two?
(a) Vihara is a place of worship, while Chaitya is the dwelling place of the monks
(b) Chaitya is a place of worship, while Vihara is the dwelling place of the monks
(c) Chaitya is the stupa at the far end of the cave, while Vihara is the hall axial to it
(d) There is no material difference between the two

Answer

Correct Answer: (d) A king defeated in a battle committing ritual suicide by starving himself to death
The term Vattakirutal, as mentioned in Sangam literature, refers to a king committing ritual suicide by starving himself after being defeated in battle, reflecting the cultural values of honor and sacrifice during the Sangam era.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Option (a): Kings employing women bodyguards

    • What does this option describe?
      This describes a practice where women are employed as royal bodyguards to protect the king. Such practices, although not common, are noted in various ancient and medieval traditions across different cultures.
    • Why is this option incorrect?
      The practice of Vattakirutal in Sangam literature does not refer to the employment of women bodyguards. Sangam poems do not highlight this concept, making this option unrelated to the context of Vattakirutal.

  2. Option (b): Learned persons assembling in royal courts to discuss religious and philosophical matters

    • What does this option describe?
      This option refers to assemblies where scholars, poets, and religious figures gather in royal courts to engage in intellectual discussions. Such gatherings were common in many ancient and medieval societies, including the Sangam period.
    • Why is this option incorrect?
      Vattakirutal does not relate to scholarly or philosophical assemblies. It is not a term used in Sangam literature to denote gatherings of learned persons in royal courts, which makes this option incorrect.

  3. Option (c): Young girls keeping watch over agricultural fields and driving away birds and animals

    • What does this option describe?
      This describes a practice in which young girls would guard crops, keeping animals and birds away to protect the yield. While such practices were common in agrarian societies, especially in South India, it is not connected to Vattakirutal.
    • Why is this option incorrect?
      Although Sangam literature mentions agricultural activities and roles of women, Vattakirutal is not associated with guarding fields. Thus, this option is not the correct explanation.

  4. Option (d): A king defeated in a battle committing ritual suicide by starving himself to death

    • What does this option describe?
      This describes a practice where a king, after facing defeat in battle, chooses to end his life by fasting to death. This form of ritual suicide was seen as a means for a defeated king to preserve his honor and dignity, even in the face of failure.
    • Why is this option correct?
      Vattakirutal is a term found in Sangam literature that specifically refers to the practice of a defeated king committing ritual suicide by starvation. It was considered an honorable way for a king to atone for his failure and avoid the humiliation of defeat. The term directly corresponds to this practice, making it the correct answer.

 

5. Which one of the following describes best the concept of Nirvana in Buddhism?
(a) The extinction of the flame of desire
(b) The complete annihilation of self
(c) A state of bliss and rest
(d) A mental stage beyond all comprehension

Answer

Correct Answer: (d) None
None of the given dynasties—Hoysala, Gahadavala, Kakatiya, or Yadava—established their kingdoms in the early eighth century AD. All these dynasties rose to prominence later, starting from the 10th century AD onwards.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Option (a): Only one

    • Analysis of each dynasty:
      • Hoysala: The Hoysalas established their rule in the 10th century AD in the Karnataka region. They rose to prominence much later than the early eighth century.
      • Gahadavala: The Gahadavala dynasty rose to prominence in the late 11th century AD in the present-day Uttar Pradesh region. They were not active in the early eighth century.
      • Kakatiya: The Kakatiya dynasty began as a feudatory of the Chalukyas in the 10th century AD and established their independent kingdom in the 12th century AD. They did not establish their kingdom in the early eighth century.
      • Yadava: The Yadava dynasty established its independent rule around the 12th century AD in the Maharashtra region. They, too, were not active in the early eighth century.
    • Why this option is incorrect?
      None of the dynasties listed were established in the early eighth century, so selecting "Only one" as the answer is incorrect.

  2. Option (b): Only two

    • Analysis of each dynasty:
      Since all four dynasties emerged much later than the early eighth century, choosing this option would also be inaccurate.
    • Why this option is incorrect?
      There is no combination of two dynasties from the list that fits the criteria of being established in the early eighth century.

  3. Option (c): Only three

    • Analysis of each dynasty:
      Similar to the previous options, no three dynasties from the given list were established in the early eighth century.
    • Why this option is incorrect?
      Since all four dynasties rose to prominence later, this option is also incorrect.

  4. Option (d): None

    • Why this option is correct?
      None of the dynasties listed (Hoysala, Gahadavala, Kakatiya, and Yadava) established their kingdoms in the early eighth century AD. All of them emerged as significant powers much later, in the 10th to 12th centuries AD.

6. Which of the following characterizes/characterize the people of Indus Civilization?
1. They possessed great palaces and temples
2. They worshipped both male and female deities
3. They employed horse-drawn chariots in warfare
Select the correct statement/statements using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) None of the statements given above is correct

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (d) are correctly matched. Hammira-Mahakavya was authored by Nayachandra Suri, and Nitivakyamrita was written by Somadeva Suri. The other pairs are incorrect, as Devichandragupta was written by Vishakhadatta, and Milinda-panha is attributed to an unknown author.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Devichandragupta – Bilhana

    • What is Devichandragupta?
      Devichandragupta is a historical drama that narrates the story of Chandragupta II’s rise to power by overthrowing his elder brother, Ramagupta.
    • Who is Bilhana?
      Bilhana was a famous Sanskrit poet known for his work Vikramankadeva Charita, which glorifies the Chalukya king Vikramaditya VI.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Devichandragupta is attributed to Vishakhadatta, not Bilhana. Thus, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Hammira-Mahakavya – Nayachandra Suri

    • What is Hammira-Mahakavya?
      Hammira-Mahakavya is a poetic work that details the life of Hammira, a ruler of the Chauhan dynasty.
    • Who is Nayachandra Suri?
      Nayachandra Suri was a Jain scholar and poet who authored Hammira-Mahakavya to celebrate the valor and defeat of the Chauhan king Hammira against Alauddin Khilji.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      This pair is correctly matched because Hammira-Mahakavya was indeed written by Nayachandra Suri.

  3. Pair (c): Milinda-panha – Nagarjuna

    • What is Milinda-panha?
      Milinda-panha (The Questions of King Milinda) is a Pali text that records the dialogues between Indo-Greek King Menander (Milinda) and the Buddhist sage Nagasena.
    • Who is Nagarjuna?
      Nagarjuna was a renowned Buddhist philosopher and founder of the Madhyamaka school of Mahayana Buddhism.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Milinda-panha is not authored by Nagarjuna but by an unknown author, who compiled the dialogues between King Milinda and Nagasena. Therefore, this pair is not correctly matched.

  4. Pair (d): Nitivakyamrita – Somadeva Suri

    • What is Nitivakyamrita?
      Nitivakyamrita is a Sanskrit work on polity and ethics that offers guidance on statecraft and governance.
    • Who is Somadeva Suri?
      Somadeva Suri was a Jain scholar and poet known for his works like Nitivakyamrita and Yashastilaka.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      This pair is correctly matched because Somadeva Suri is indeed the author of Nitivakyamrita.

7. With reference to the history of Indian rock-cut architecture, consider the following statements:
1. The caves at Badami are the oldest surviving rock-cut caves in India
2. The Barabar rock-cut caves were originally made for Ajivikas by Emperor Chandragupta Maurya
3. At Ellora, caves were made for different faiths.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Jainism
The statement reflects the core belief of Jainism, which holds that souls exist not only in living beings but also in inanimate objects like rocks, water, and other natural elements. This perspective is central to the Jain principle of ahimsa (non-violence) and is unique to Jain philosophical thought.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Option (a): Buddhism

    • What is Buddhism’s view on souls and life?
      Buddhism, founded by Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha), does not believe in a permanent or eternal soul (anatman). Instead, it emphasizes the concept of anatta (no-self) and the transience of all beings. While Buddhism shows respect for all life forms, it does not attribute souls to inanimate objects like rocks and water.
    • Why is this option incorrect?
      The statement in the question refers to the belief that inanimate objects have souls, which contradicts the Buddhist understanding. Therefore, this option does not reflect the belief stated.

  2. Option (b): Jainism

    • What is Jainism’s view on souls?
      Jainism, founded by Mahavira, teaches that jiva (soul) is present not only in animals and plants but also in inanimate objects such as rocks, water, fire, and air. This belief is part of Jainism’s concept of ajiva (non-living matter) being intertwined with jiva (living soul). Jains categorize these non-living entities as possessing a subtle form of life or consciousness. Thus, they practice extreme non-violence (ahimsa) towards all forms of existence, animate or inanimate.
    • Why is this option correct?
      The statement in the question directly aligns with the Jain doctrine that souls are present not only in living beings but also in non-living things like rocks, water, and other natural elements. This makes Jainism the correct answer.

  3. Option (c): Shaivism

    • What is Shaivism’s view on souls and life?
      Shaivism, a sect of Hinduism, worships Lord Shiva as the Supreme Being. While it acknowledges the presence of the divine in all beings and the universe, it does not hold the belief that inanimate objects like rocks and water possess individual souls. Shaivism focuses more on the union of the individual soul (atman) with the universal soul (Brahman).
    • Why is this option incorrect?
      The idea of attributing souls to inanimate objects is not a core belief of Shaivism, making this option incorrect in the context of the question.

  4. Option (d): Vaishnavism

    • What is Vaishnavism’s view on souls and life?
      Vaishnavism, another sect of Hinduism, worships Vishnu as the Supreme Being. Similar to Shaivism, it emphasizes devotion (bhakti) to the deity and the soul’s journey towards moksha (liberation). Vaishnavism does not ascribe souls to non-living entities like rocks or water, focusing instead on the soul’s relationship with Vishnu.
    • Why is this option incorrect?
      Vaishnavism does not share the belief in the presence of souls in inanimate objects as described in the question. Therefore, it does not fit the description provided.

8. In the context of cultural history of India, a pose in dance and dramatics called ‘Tribhanga’ has been a favourite of Indian artists from ancient times till today. Which one of the following statements best describes this pose?
(a) One leg is bent and the body is slightly but oppositely curved at waist and neck
(b) Facial expressions, hand gestures and make-up are combined to symbolize certain epic or historic characters
(c) Movements of body, face and hands are used to express oneself or to tell a story
(d) A little smile, slightly curved waist and certain hand gestures are emphasized to express the feelings of love or eroticism

Answer

Correct Answer: (a) Devaraya I
Devaraya I of the Vijayanagara Empire is credited with constructing a large dam across the Tungabhadra River and an extensive canal-cum-aqueduct system. This engineering marvel ensured a steady water supply to the capital city and facilitated agricultural development, reflecting his contributions to the empire’s prosperity and infrastructure.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Option (a): Devaraya I

    • Who was Devaraya I?
      Devaraya I was a prominent ruler of the Vijayanagara Empire who ruled from 1406 to 1422 AD. He is known for his administrative and military reforms and also for encouraging irrigation projects to support agriculture and the capital city of Vijayanagara.
    • Why is this option correct?
      Devaraya I constructed a large dam across the Tungabhadra River and built an extensive canal-cum-aqueduct system that supplied water to the capital city. The dam and canal facilitated agricultural development and supported the city’s water needs, making this option the correct answer.

  2. Option (b): Mallikarjuna

    • Who was Mallikarjuna?
      Mallikarjuna was a Vijayanagara ruler from the Sangama dynasty who reigned from 1446 to 1465 AD. His rule is generally marked by internal strife and decline in the empire’s power.
    • Why is this option incorrect?
      Mallikarjuna did not undertake any major irrigation or construction projects like building dams or canals. His reign is not associated with such engineering feats, making this option incorrect.

  3. Option (c): Vira Vijaya

    • Who was Vira Vijaya?
      Vira Vijaya was a lesser-known ruler of the Vijayanagara Empire. There are no significant records or achievements attributed to him, particularly in terms of engineering or large-scale irrigation projects.
    • Why is this option incorrect?
      Vira Vijaya is not historically linked to the construction of the dam or canal across the Tungabhadra River. Thus, this option does not fit the context of the question.

  4. Option (d): Virupaksha

    • Who was Virupaksha?
      Virupaksha Raya II was another ruler of the Sangama dynasty, who ruled in the late 15th century. His reign is often considered weak, and it did not witness significant construction or engineering activities.
    • Why is this option incorrect?
      Like Mallikarjuna, Virupaksha was not involved in any major construction projects, especially not the dam and canal across the Tungabhadra River. Therefore, this option is not accurate.

9. Consider the following historical places:
1. Ajanta Caves
2. Lepakshi Temple
3. Sanchi Stupa
Which of the above places is/are also known for mural paintings?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) None

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

10. With reference to the history of philosophical thought in India, consider the following statements regarding Sankhya school:
1. Sankhya does not accept the theory of rebirth or transmigration of soul.
2. Sankhya holds that it is the self-knowledge that leads to liberation and not any exterior influence or agent.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

Medieval History Prelims Analysis 2013

11. Consider the following Bhakti Saints:
1. Dadu Dayal
2. Guru Nanak
3. Tyagaraja
Who among the above was/were preaching when the Lodi dynasty fell and Babur took over?
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1 and 2 

Answer

Correct Answer: (d) None
None of the dynasties—Hoysala, Gahadavala, Kakatiya, or Yadava—established their kingdoms in the early eighth century AD. Each of these dynasties rose to prominence in later centuries, primarily in the 11th to 13th centuries.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Dynasty (a): Hoysala

    • What is the Hoysala dynasty?
      The Hoysala dynasty was a prominent South Indian dynasty known for its contributions to architecture, art, and culture, particularly in the region of Karnataka. They rose to power in the 10th century and reached their zenith in the 12th century.
    • Why is this option incorrect?
      The Hoysala dynasty did not establish its kingdom in the early eighth century AD; they became significant later. Therefore, this dynasty does not meet the criteria set by the question.

  2. Dynasty (b): Gahadavala

    • What is the Gahadavala dynasty?
      The Gahadavala dynasty was a medieval dynasty that ruled over parts of northern India, particularly in the region of present-day Uttar Pradesh. They are known for their patronage of art and culture and were prominent in the 11th and 12th centuries.
    • Why is this option incorrect?
      The Gahadavala dynasty emerged later, around the 11th century, and did not establish their kingdom in the early eighth century AD. Thus, this option is also incorrect.

  3. Dynasty (c): Kakatiya

    • What is the Kakatiya dynasty?
      The Kakatiya dynasty was a South Indian dynasty known for their rule over the region of present-day Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. They became prominent in the 12th century, although some evidence suggests early formations in the late 9th century.
    • Why is this option incorrect?
      While the Kakatiyas have ancient roots, they did not establish their kingdom until later, primarily in the 12th century. Therefore, this dynasty does not fit the criteria set by the question.

  4. Dynasty (d): Yadava

    • What is the Yadava dynasty?
      The Yadava dynasty ruled over parts of western India, mainly Maharashtra, during the medieval period. They are notable for their capital at Devagiri (modern Daulatabad) and gained prominence in the 12th and 13th centuries.
    • Why is this option incorrect?
      Similar to the other dynasties, the Yadava dynasty did not establish its kingdom in the early eighth century AD. Their significant rise occurred later, making this option incorrect as well.

Modern History Prelims Analysis 2013

12. With reference to Indian History, the Members of the Constituent Assembly from the Provinces were
(a) directly elected by the people of those Provinces
(b) nominated by the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League
(c) elected by the Provincial Legislative Assemblies
(d) selected by the Government for their expertise in constitutional matters

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

13. The demand for the Tebhaga Peasant Movement in Bengal was for
(a) the reduction of the share of the landlords from one-half of the crop to one-third
(b) the grant of ownership of land to peasants as they were the actual cultivators of the land
(c) the uprooting of Zamindari system and the end of serfdom
(d) writing of all peasant debts

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

14. The people of India agitated against the arrival of Simon Commission because
(a) Indians never wanted the review of the working of the Act of 1919
(b) Simon Commission recommended the abolition of Dyarchy (Diarchy) in the Provinces
(c) there was no Indian member in the Simon Commission
(d) the Simon Commission suggested the partition of the country

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

15. Quit India Movement was launched in response to
(a) Cabinet Mission Plan
(b) Cripps Proposals
(c) Simon Commission Report
(d) Wavell Plan

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

16. Annie Besant was
1. responsible for starting the Home Rule Movement
2. the founder of the Theo-sophical Society
3. once the President of the Indian National Congress
Select the correct statement/statements using the codes given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

17. The Ilbert Bill controversy was related to the
(a) imposition restrictions the Indians of certain to carry arms by Indians
(b) imposition of restrictions on newspapers and magazines published in Indian languages
(c) removal of disqualifications imposed on the Indian magistrates with regard to the trial of the Europeans
(d) removal of a duty on imported cotton cloth

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

Polity Prelims Analysis 2013

18. What will follow if a Money Bill is substantially amended by the Rajya Sabha?
(a) The Lok Sabha may still proceed with the Bill, accepting or not accepting the recommendations of the Rajya Sabha
(b) The Lok Sabha cannot consider the Bill further
(c) The Lok Sabha may send the Bill to the Rajya Sabha for reconsideration
(d) The President may call a joint sitting for passing the Bill”

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

19. Which one of the following statements is correct?
(a) In India, the same person cannot be appointed as Governor for two or more States at the same time
(b) The Judges of the High Court of the States in India are appointed by the Governor of the State just as the Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President
(c) No procedure has been laid down in the Constitution of India for the removal of a Governor from his/her post
(d) In the case of a Union Territory having a legislative setup, the Chief Minister is appointed by the Lt. Governor on the basis of majority support

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

20. Consider the following statements
1. An amendment to the Constitution of India can be initiated by an introduction of a bill in the Lok Sabha only.
2. If such an amendment seeks to make changes in the federal character of the Constitution, the amendment also requires to be ratified by the legislature of all the States of India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

21. Consider the following statements: Attorney General of India can
1. take part in the proceedings of the Lok Sabha
2. be a member of a committee of the Lok Sabha
3. speak in the Lok Sabha
4. vote in the Lok Sabha
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 1 and 3 only

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

22. Which of the following bodies does not/do not find mention in the Constitution?
1. National Development Council
2. Planning Commission
3. Zonal Councils
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

23. The Parliament can make any law for whole or any part of India for implementing international treaties
(a) with the consent of all the States
(b) with the consent of the majority of States
(c) with the consent of the States concerned
(d) without the consent of any State

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

24. The Government enacted the Panchayat Extension to Scheduled Areas (PESA) Act in 1996. Which one of the following is not identified as its objective?
(a) To provide self-governance
(b) To recognize traditional rights
(c) To create autonomous regions in tribal areas
(d) To free tribal people from exploitation

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

25. ‘Economic Justice’ the objectives of Constitution has been as one of the Indian provided in
(a) the Preamble and Fundamental Rights
(b) the Preamble and the Directive Principles of State Policy
(c) the Fundamental Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy
(d) None of the above

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

26. Consider the following statements: The Parliamentary Committee on Public Accounts
1. consists of not more than 25 Members of the Lok Sabha
2. scrutinizes appropriation finance accounts of Government
3. of the Auditor examines the report Comptroller and General of India
Which of the statements given above is / are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(e) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

27. In the context of India, which of the following principles is/are implied institutionally in the parliamentary government?
1. Members of the Cabinet are Members of the Parliament.
2. Ministers hold the office till they enjoy confidence in the Parliament.
3. Cabinet is headed by the Head of the State.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

28. Consider the following statements:
1. The Council of Ministers in the Centre shall be collectively responsible to the Parliament.
2. The Union Ministers shall hold the office during the pleasure of the President of India.
3. The Prime Minister shall communicate to the President about the proposals for legislation.
Which of the Statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1,2 and 3

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

29. Consider the following statements:
1. National Development Council is an organ of the Planning Commission.
2. The Economic and Social Planning is kept in the Concurrent List in the Constitution of India.
3. The Constitution of India prescribes that Panchayats should be assigned the task of preparation of plans for economic development and social justice.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

30. Consider the following statements:
1. The Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha are not the members of that House.
2. While the nominated members of the two Houses of the Parliament have no voting right in the presidential election, they have the right to vote in the election of the Vice President.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

31. With reference to National Legal Services Authority, consider the following statements :
1. Its objective is to provide free and competent legal services to the weaker sections of the society on the basis of equal opportunity.
2. It issues guidelines for the State Legal Services Authorities to implement the legal programmes and schemes throughout the country.
Which of the statements given above is / are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(C) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

32. Who among the following constitute the National Development Council?
1. The Prime Minister
2. The Chairman, Finance Commission
3. Ministers of the Union Cabinet
4. Chief Ministers of the States
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 1, 3 and 4 only
(c) 2 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

Economy Prelims Analysis 2013

33. The balance of payments of a country is a systematic record of
(a) all import and transactions of a during a given period normally a year
(b) goods exported from a country during a year
(c) economic transaction between the government of one country to another
(d) capital movements from one country to another

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

34. The Reserve Bank of India regulates the commercial banks in matters of
1. liquidity of assets
2. branch expansion
3. merger of banks
4. winding-up of banks
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 and 4 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

35. An increase in the Bank Rate generally indicates that the
(a) market rate of interest is likely to fall
(b) Central Bank is no longer making loans to commercial banks
(c) Central Bank is following an easy money policy
(d) Central Bank is following a tight money policy

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

36. In India, deficit financing is used for raising resources for
(a) economic development
(b) redemption of public debt
(c) adjusting the balance of payments
(d) reducing the foreign debt

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

37. Consider the following statements :
1. Inflation benefits the debtors.
2. Inflation benefits the bond-holders.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

38. Disguised unemployment generally means
(a) large number of people remain unemployed
(b) alternative employment is not available
(c) marginal productivity of labour is zero
(d) productivity of workers is low

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

39. Consider the following liquid assets:
1. Demand deposits with the banks
2. Time deposits with the banks
3. Savings deposits with the banks
4. Currency
The correct sequence of these decreasing order of Liquidity is
(a) 1-4-3-2
(b) 4-3-2-1
(c) 2-3-1-4
(d) 4-1-3-2

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

40. In the context of Indian economy,Open Market Operations’ refers to
(a) borrowing by scheduled banks from the RBI
(b) lending by commercial banks to industry and trade
(c) purchase and sale of government securities by the RBI
(d) None of the above

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

41. Priority Sector Lending by banks in India constitutes the lending to
(a) agriculture
(b) micro and small enterprises
(c) weaker sections
(d) All of the above

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

42. A rise in general level of prices may be caused by
1. an increase in the money supply
2. a decrease in the aggregate level of output
3. an increase in the effective demand
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

43. Which one of the following groups of items is included in India’s foreign-exchange reserves?
(a) Foreign-currency assets, Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) and loans from foreign countries
(b) Foreign-currency assets, gold holdings of the RBI and SDRs
(c) Foreign-currency assets, loans from the World Bank and SDRs
(d) Foreign-currency assets, gold holdings of the RBI and loans from the World Bank

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (c) are correctly matched. Bhaja is well known for its Buddhist cave shrine, and Sittanawasal is known for its Jain cave shrine. However, Besnagar is not associated with a Shaivite cave shrine but with the Heliodorus Pillar, making pair (a) incorrect.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Besnagar – Shaivite cave shrine

    • What is Besnagar known for?
      Besnagar, located in Madhya Pradesh, is an ancient site famous for the Heliodorus Pillar, erected by Heliodorus, a Greek ambassador. The pillar is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is associated with Vaishnavism, not Shaivism. There is no significant Shaivite cave shrine at Besnagar.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Since Besnagar is not known for a Shaivite cave shrine but for the Heliodorus Pillar associated with Vaishnavism, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Bhaja – Buddhist cave shrine

    • What is Bhaja known for?
      Bhaja, located near Lonavala in Maharashtra, is well known for its group of 22 rock-cut caves that date back to the 2nd century BC. These caves are Buddhist chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries), showcasing early Buddhist rock-cut architecture.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Bhaja is indeed famous for its Buddhist cave shrines, making this pair correctly matched.

  3. Pair (c): Sittanawasal – Jain cave shrine

    • What is Sittanawasal known for?
      Sittanawasal, located in Tamil Nadu, is an ancient Jain cave complex. The site is renowned for its beautiful rock-cut cave temples and murals depicting Jain themes, such as Jain monks and lotus ponds. These caves serve as Jain shrines and bear evidence of the early influence of Jainism in the region.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      Sittanawasal is rightly known for its Jain cave shrine and murals, making this pair correctly matched.

44. Which one of the following is likely to be the most inflationary in its effect?
(a) Repayment of public debt
(b) Borrowing from the public to finance a budget deficit
(c) Borrowing from banks to finance a budget deficit
(d) Creating new money to finance a budget deficit

Answer

45. Supply of money remaining the same when there is an increase in demand for money, there will be
(a) a fall in the level of prices
(b) an increase in the rate of interest
(c) a decrease in the rate of interest
(d) an increase in the level of income and employmentt

Answer

46. Economic growth in country X will necessarily have to occur if
(a) there is technical progress in the world economy
(b) there is population growth in X
(c) there is capital formation in X
(d) the volume of trade grows in the world economy

Answer

47. The national income of a country for a given period is equal to the
(a) total value of goods and services produced by the nationals
(b) sum of total consumption and investement expenditure
(c) sum of personal income of all individuals
(d) money value of final goods and services produced”

Answer

48. Which of the following grants/ grant direct credit assistance to rural households ?
1. Regional Rural Banks
2. National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
3. Land Development Banks
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

49. To obtain full benefits of demographic dividend, what should India do?

(a) Promoting skill development

(b) Introducing more social security schemes

(c) Reducing infant mortality rate

(d) Privatization of higher education

Answer

Environment Prelims Analysis 2013

50. Consider the following fauna of India:
1. Gharial
2. Leatherback turtle
3. Swamp deer
Which of the above is/are endangered?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) None

Answer

51. Which of the following leaf modifications occurs/occur in desert areas to inhibit water loss?
1. Hard and waxy leaves
2. Tiny leaves or no leaves
3. Thorns instead of leaves
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

52. Consider the following
1. Star tortoise
2. Monitor lizard
3. Pygmy hog
4. Spider monkey
Which of the above found in India?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer

53. Which of the following can be found as pollutants in the drinking water in some parts
of India?
1. Arsenic
2. Sorbitol
3. Fluoride
4. Formaldehyde
5. Uranium
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2, 4 and 5 only
(c) 1, 3 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

Answer

54. In the grasslands, trees do not replace the grasses as a part of an ecological succession because of
(a) insects and fungi
(b) limited sunlight and paucity of nutrients
(c) water limits and fire
(d) None of the above

Answer

55. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of ecosystems in the order of decreasing productivity?
(a) Oceans, lakes, grasslands, mangroves
(b) Mangroves, oceans, grasslands, lakes
(c) Mangroves, grasslands, lakes, oceans
(d) Oceans, mangroves, lakes, grasslands

Answer

56. Contour bunding is a method of soil conservation used in
(a) desert margins, liable to strong wind action
(b) low flat plains, close to stream courses, liable to flooding
(c) scrublands, liable to spread of weed growth
(d) None of the above

Answer

57. Under the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006, who shall be the authority to initiate the process for determining the nature and extent of individual or community forest rights or both?
(a) State Forest Department
(b) District Collector/Deputy Commissioner
(c) Tahsildar /Block Development Officer / Mandai Revenue Officer
(d) Gram Sabha

Answer

58. Improper handling and storage of cereal grains and oilseeds result in the production of toxins known as aflatoxins which are not generally destroyed by normal cooking process. Aflatoxins are produced by
(a) bacteria
(b) protozoa
(c) moulds
(d) viruses

Answer

59. Due to improper / indiscriminate disposal of old and used computers or their parts, which of the following are released into the environment as e-waste?
1. Beryllium
2. Cadmium
3. Chromium
4. Heptachlor
5. Mercury
6. Lead
7. Plutonium
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1, 3, 4, 6 and 7 only
(b) 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 only
(c) 2, 4, 5 and 7 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7

Answer

60. Acid rain is caused by the pollution of environment by
(a) carbon dioxide and nitrogen
(b) carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide
(c) ozone and carbon dioxide
(d) nitrous oxide and sulphur dioxide

Answer

61. With reference to food chains in ecosystems, consider the following statements :
1. A food chain illustrates the order in which a chain of organisms feed upon each other.
2. Food chains are found within the populations of a species.
3. A food chain illustrates the numbers of each organism which are eaten by others.
Which of the statements given above is / are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) None

Answer

62. Consider the following organisms
1. Agaricus
2. Nostoc
3. Spirogyra
Which of the above is / are used as bio fertilizer / bio fertilizers
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 3 only

Answer

63. Which of the following adds / add nitrogen to the soil?
1. Excretion of urea by animals
2. Burning of coal by man
3. Death of vegetation
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(e) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

64. In which of the following States is lion-tailed macaque found in its natural habitat?
1. Tamil Nadu
2. Kerala
3. Karnataka
4. Andhra Pradesh
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer

65. Which one of the following terms describes not only the physical space occupied by an organism, but also its functional role in the community of organisms?
(a) Ecotone
(b) Ecological niche
(c) Habitat
(d) Home range

Answer

66. Photochemical smog is a resultant of the reaction among
(a) NO2, 03 and peroxyacetyl nitrate in the presence of sunlight
(b) CO, 02 and peroxyacetyl nitrate in the presence of sunlight
(c) CO, CO2 and N02 at low temperature
(d) High concentration of N02, O3 and CO in the evening

Answer

67. Consider the following animals:
1. Sea cow
2. Sea horse
3. Sea lion
Which of the above is/are mammal/mammals?

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

68. Consider the following pairs:
1. Nokrek Biosphere Reserve : Garo Hills
2. Logtak (Loktak)Lake : Barail Range
3. Namdapha National Park : Dafla Hills
Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1, 2 and 3 only

(d) None

Answer

69. Consider the following pairs
National Park
River flowing through the Park
a
Corbett National Park
Ganga
b
Kaziranga National Park
Manas
c
Silent Valley National Park
Kaveri

Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3
(d) None

Answer

Correct Answer: (b) Only two
Only pairs (b) and (d) are correctly matched. Hammira-Mahakavya was authored by Nayachandra Suri, and Nitivakyamrita was written by Somadeva Suri. The other pairs are incorrect, as Devichandragupta was written by Vishakhadatta, and Milinda-panha is attributed to an unknown author.

 

Explanation (Synopsis):

 

  1. Pair (a): Devichandragupta – Bilhana

    • What is Devichandragupta?
      Devichandragupta is a historical drama that narrates the story of Chandragupta II’s rise to power by overthrowing his elder brother, Ramagupta.
    • Who is Bilhana?
      Bilhana was a famous Sanskrit poet known for his work Vikramankadeva Charita, which glorifies the Chalukya king Vikramaditya VI.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Devichandragupta is attributed to Vishakhadatta, not Bilhana. Thus, this pair is not correctly matched.

  2. Pair (b): Hammira-Mahakavya – Nayachandra Suri

    • What is Hammira-Mahakavya?
      Hammira-Mahakavya is a poetic work that details the life of Hammira, a ruler of the Chauhan dynasty.
    • Who is Nayachandra Suri?
      Nayachandra Suri was a Jain scholar and poet who authored Hammira-Mahakavya to celebrate the valor and defeat of the Chauhan king Hammira against Alauddin Khilji.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      This pair is correctly matched because Hammira-Mahakavya was indeed written by Nayachandra Suri.

  3. Pair (c): Milinda-panha – Nagarjuna

    • What is Milinda-panha?
      Milinda-panha (The Questions of King Milinda) is a Pali text that records the dialogues between Indo-Greek King Menander (Milinda) and the Buddhist sage Nagasena.
    • Who is Nagarjuna?
      Nagarjuna was a renowned Buddhist philosopher and founder of the Madhyamaka school of Mahayana Buddhism.
    • Why is this pair incorrect?
      Milinda-panha is not authored by Nagarjuna but by an unknown author, who compiled the dialogues between King Milinda and Nagasena. Therefore, this pair is not correctly matched.

  4. Pair (d): Nitivakyamrita – Somadeva Suri

    • What is Nitivakyamrita?
      Nitivakyamrita is a Sanskrit work on polity and ethics that offers guidance on statecraft and governance.
    • Who is Somadeva Suri?
      Somadeva Suri was a Jain scholar and poet known for his works like Nitivakyamrita and Yashastilaka.
    • Why is this pair correct?
      This pair is correctly matched because Somadeva Suri is indeed the author of Nitivakyamrita.

Geography Prelims Analysis 2013

70. With reference to the usefulness of the by-products of sugar industry, which of the following statements is / are correct?
1. Bagasse can be used as biomass fuel for the generation of energy.
2. Molasses can be used as one of the feedstocks for the production of synthetic chemical fertilizers.
3. Molasses can be used for the production of ethanol.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

71. Consider the following pairs

Tribe
State
Limboo (Limbu)
Sikkim
Karbi
Himachal Pradesh
Dongaria Kondh
Odisha
Bonda
Tamil Nadu

Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer

72. Variations in the length of daytime and nighttime from season to season are due to
(a) the earth’s rotation on its axis
(b) the earth’s revolution round the sun in an elliptical manner
(c) latitudinal position of the place
(d) revolution of the earth on a tilted axis

Answer

73. The Narmada river flows to the west, while most other large peninsular rivers flow to the east. Why?
1. It occupies a linear rift valley.
2. It flows between the Vindhyas and the Satpuras.
3. The land slopes to the west from Central India.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) None

Answer

74. On the planet earth, most of the freshwater exists as ice caps and glaciers. Out of the remaining freshwater, the largest proportion
(a) is found in atmosphere as moisture and clouds
(b) is found in freshwater lakes and rivers
(c) exists as groundwater
(d) exists as soil moisture

Answer

75. Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched

         Geographical feature                            Region

  (a)  Abyssinian Plateau             :             Arabia

  (b)  Atlas Mountains                  :            North – Western Africa

  (c)   Guiana Highlands              :             South – Western Africa

  (d)   Okavango Basin                :             Patagonia 

Answer

76. Consider the following:
1. Electromagnetic radiation
2. Geothermal energy
3. Gravitational force
4. Plate movements
5. Rotation of the earth
6. Revolution of the earth
Which of the above are responsible for bringing dynamic changes on the surface of the earth?
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 only
(b) 1, 3, 5 and 6 only
(c) 2, 4, 5 and 6 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 

Answer

77. The most important fishing grounds of the world are found in the regions where
(a) warm and cold atmospheric currents meet
(b) rivers drain out large amounts of fresh water into the sea
(c) warm and cold oceanic currents meet
(d) continental shelf is undulating

Answer

78. Which of the following is/are unique characteristic/characteristics of equatorial forests?
1. Presence of tall, closely set trees with crowns forming a continuous canopy
2. Coexistence of a large number of species
3. Presence of numerous varieties of epiphytes
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

79. The annual range of temperature in the interior of the continents is high as compared to coastal areas. What is / are the reason / reasons?
1. Thermal difference between land and water
2. Variation in altitude between continents and oceans
3. Presence of strong winds in the interior
4. Heavy rains in the interior as compared to coasts
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer

80. Which of the following is / are the characteristics/ characteristics of Indian coal?
1. High ash content
2. Low sulphur content
3. Low ash fusion temperature
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

81. Which of the following statements regarding laterite soils of India are correct?
1. They are generally red in color.
2. They are rich In nitrogen and potash.
3. Tiley are well-developed in Rajasthan and UP.
4. Tapioca and cashew nuts grow well on these soils.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 1 and 4
(d) 2 and 3 only

Answer

82. Consider the following statements:
1. Natural gas occurs in the Gondwana beds.
2. Mica occurs in abundance in Kodarma.
3. Dharwars are famous for petroleum.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) None

Answer

83. Consider the following crops
1. Cotton
2. Groundnut
3. Rice
4. Wheat
Which of these are Kharif crops?
(a) 1 and 4
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 2, 3 and 4

Answer

84. “Climate is extreme, rainfall is scanty and the people used to be nomadic herders.” The above statement best describes which of the following regions?
(a) African Savannah
(b) Central Asian Steppe
(c) North American Prairie
(d) Siberian Tundra

Answer

85. During a thunderstorm, the thunder in the skies is produced by the
1. meeting of cumulonimbus clouds in the sky
2. lightning that separates the nimbus clouds
3. violent upward movement of air and water particles
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) None of the above produces the thunder

Answer

86. Which one among the following industries is the maximum consumer of water in India?
(a) Engineering
(b) Paper and pulp
(e) Textiles
(d) Thermal power

Answer

87. Which one among the following industries is the maximum consumer of water in India?
(a) Engineering
(b) Paper and pulp
(e) Textiles
(d) Thermal power

Answer

Science & Tech Prelims Analysis 2013

88. Recombinant DNA technology (Genetic Engineering) allows genes to be transferred
1. across different species of plants
2. from animals to plants
3. from microorganisms to higher organisms
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

89. Consider the following minerals
1. Calcium
2. Iron
3. Sodium
Which of the minerals given above is/are required by human body for the contraction of muscles?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

90. Fruits stored in a cold chamber exhibit longer storage life because
(a) exposure to sunlight is prevented
(b) concentration dioxide in the is increased of carbon environment
(c) rate of respiration is decreased
(d) there is an increase in humidity

Answer

91. Ball bearings are used in bicycles, cars, etc., because
(a) the actual between the is increased area of contact wheel and axle
(b) the effective between the is increased area of contact wheel and axle
(c) the effective between the is reduced area of contact wheel and axle
(d) None of the above statements is correct

Answer

92. Consider the following phenomena:
1. Size of the sun at dusk
2. Colour of the sun at dawn
3. Moon being visible at dawn
4. Twinkle of stars in the sky
5. Polestar beingvisible in the sky
Which of the above are optical illusions?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 3, 4 and 5
(c) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 2, 3 and 5

Answer

93. Rainbow is produced when sunlight falls on drops of rain. Which of the following physical phenomena are responsible for this?
1. Dispersion
2. Refraction
3. Internal reflection
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

94. Many transplanted seedlings do not grow because
(a) the new soil does not contain favourable minerals
(b) most of the root hairs grip the new soil too hard
(c) most of the root hairs are lost during transplantation
(d) leaves get damaged during transplantation

Answer

95. Which of the following statements is / are correct?
1. Viruses lack enzymes necessary for the generation of energy.
2. Viruses can be cultured in any synthetic medium.
3. Viruses are transmitted from one organism to another by biological vectors only.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

96. The known forces of nature can be divided into four classes, viz, gravity electromagnetism, weak nuclear force and strong nuclear force. with reference to them, which one of the following statements is not correct?
(a) Gravity is the strongest of the four
(b) Electromagnetism act only on particles with an electric charge
(c) Weak nuclear force causes radioactivity
(d) Strong nuclear force holds protons and nutrons inside the nuclear of an atom

Answer

97. The efforts to detect the existence of Higgs boson particle have become frequent news in the recent past. What is /are the importance/importances of discovering this particle?
1. It will enable us to understand as to why elementary particles have mass.
2. It will enables us in the near future to develope the technology to transferring matter from one point to another without traversing the physical space between them.
3. It will enable us to create better fuels for nuclear fission.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

98. Mycorrhizal biotechnology has been used in rehabilitating degraded sites because mycorrhiza enables the plants to
1. resist drought and increase absorptive area
2. tolerate extremes of PH
3. Resist disease infestation
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

99. With reference to the food chains in ecosystems, which of the following kinds of organism is / are known as decomposer organism/organisms?
1. Virus
2. Fungi
3. Bacteria
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

100. Which of the following diseases can be transmitted from one person to another through tattooing?
1. Chikungunya
2. Hepatitis B
3. HIV-AIDS
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

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